The relationship between collective efficacy and reward dependence among graduate students at Wasit University

Abstract

The aim of the research is to identify the collective effectiveness and its relationship to the dependence on reward among graduate students at Wasit University, as well as the statistically significant differences according to gender (male - female students) and specialization (scientific - humanities). The research was applied to (295) male and female students. To achieve the research objectives, the collective effectiveness scale was used in its final form (28) paragraphs and the reward dependence scale in its final form (18). The results showed that graduate students enjoy collective effectiveness and possess reward dependence behavior, and that PhD holders have the highest level, and that males also have the highest level in collective effectiveness, and there is no difference in scientific and humanities specializations in collective effectiveness, and that master's degree holders have the highest level of reward dependence behavior, and that females have the highest level as well as the humanities specialization in reward dependence behavior, and there is a weak and superficial relationship between the two variables.